1928 OSKAR FRIED BEETHOVEN 9th CHORAL SYMPHONY Lotte Leonard Eugen Transky 7x78

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A series of great  Orchestra Records by great conductors  on 78 rpm records

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This also lead to an unprecedented recording effort by Columbia - the symphonies, concertos and many quartets, and by DEUTSCHE Gramophone with the symphonies and concertos, and a large part of the piano sonatas by Wilhelm Kempff.

Part of the  Beethoven Centenary is Deutsche Grammophon's first electric recording of Beethovens 9th symphony in early 1928 by the great conductor Oskar Fried and some of the finest singers in Berlin:

Berlin State Opera Orchestra  and the
Bruno Kittel Choir

Oskar Fried The State Opera Orchestra, Berlin  – Beethoven IX. Symphony


Label: BRUNSWICK 90179-90185
Format: 
Shellac, 7x12", 78 RPM
Country: USA
Released: 1928
Genre: Classical
Style: Classical

Beethoven IX. Symphony

Bass Vocals – Wilhelm Guttmann
Choir – Bruno Kittel Choir
Conductor – Oskar Fried
Contralto Vocals – Jenny Sonnenberg
Orchestra – The State Opera Orchestra, Berlin
Soprano Vocals – Lotte Leonhard
Tenor Vocals – Eugen Transky


Complete 7x   US BRUNSWICK 12" direct pressings from the  Deutsche Grammophon Matrices 78 rpm records NO ALBUM

CONDITION ISSUE!

Careful attention to string articulation permeates the two opening movements of Fried‘s Ninth, whether to accentuate the melodic pulse or to hone the effects of syncopations. The tremolandi of the first movement bring chills up our auditory spines. Fried foregoes the repeat of the Scherzo’s opening material, but his flute, oboe, and horn contributions, abetted by inflamed strings, carry the propulsion forward with delicate but resilient resolve. The Fried sense of rubato I find thoroughly unique and consistently mysterious. His elastic rhythmic sense makes him electrifying as a musical artist, but impossible to predict. That he could compel the BSOO and Berlin Philharmonic to follow him argues for a loyalty and musical affinity that cannot easily be reduced to any single element.

The Adagio movement permits Fried an expanse for whatever “mystical” visions he could project; one might consider his generous feelings for Scriabin in this respect. The shifting rhythms in the evolution of the movement would seem to argue against any “consistent,” exalted vision, but the double-theme-and-variations arch Fried erects has its inimitable and inexorable logic. The sheer plastic intensity of the woodwind and French horn parts must have demanded considerable preparation to achieve their sustaining power and breath control. The occasional slides and portamento connect Fried to his Nineteenth  Century roots, the very heart of the Romantic sensibility, despite his modernist sympathies. Listen to the last two minutes of the Adagio several times and savor the string pizzicati and tympanic beats.

A vigorous, even savage, Presto opens the fourth movement, followed by its musical retrospective past thematic materials. Fried molds the orchestral recitative phrase by phrase, searching for the musical five-note phrase that will culminate in the shedding of instrumental music for “more human tones.” The brass section shines particularly bright in the full throttle of the main theme; then, bass Wilhelm Guttmann enters with an articulate statement of Schiller’s credo.  The vocal quartet emanates clear brilliance, with the two top voices, those of Leonard and Transky, bright and soaring. The Bruno Kittel Choir, which would assume more fame in its work with Wilhelm Furtwangler, responds with resonant, authoritative power. Janissary wit marches its way via tenor Eugen Transky, his diction pungent. Fried’s ensuing counterpoint speaks volumes for his control over the bass parts, virtually the formerScherzo in miniature.

At “Seid umschlungen millionen. . .” we reach the dramatic “slow” movement of the Finale, with Fried’s imposing a dirge-like weight upon the mass of sound, the horns seeming to intone a Tuba mirum below the plaintive voices. The “organ” pedal in the bass bestows an even more antique or motet sensibility upon the proceedings, breaking out as they do into a massive polyphony of lachrymose humanity’s beseeching for “Paradise Regained.” The spirited recollection of “Joy, Daughter of Elysium” fused with that “magic” of men’s transfigured hearts rouses us to a secular, if not religious, faith in the power of song. Given the context of political Germany in 1928, we can well appreciate the act of contrition this performance represents for the conductor and his Orphic vision ofmusic as a moral force. Splendid restoration makes the impact of this Ninth rendition quite sensational.

Oskar Fried was an important German conductor in the pre-war years of the twentieth century, and a composer of interest. Being from a poor family, he was unable to complete his Gymnasium studies as a young man. He supported himself as a violinist and horn player in a town band in a Berlin suburb. In 1889, he went to Frankfurt and became horn player in the opera orchestra there. After that, he had a succession of other orchestral jobs and

in the meantime, his interest in composition grew.

In 1904, he had a major premiere when Karl Muck conducted the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra and the chorus of the Wagnerverein in Fried's Das trunkene Lied. This favorable premiere attracted a great deal of notice. He set the poem VerklSrte Nacht for solo voices and orchestra (the same poem being the inspiration for a famous work for string instruments by Arnold Schoenberg). As a composer, his major field was the lied. He showed a progress from solid tonality to a more unstable harmonic organization, but then shifted toward a newer sort of use of diatonic triads over long-held pedals. Fried's initial successes as a composer led to him being invited to conduct. In 1905, he led the Neuen Konzerte in Berlin, in 1907 he became conductor of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, and in 1908 he led the Blnthnerorchester. In 1913, he gave up composition in favor of conducting.

Fried was known for championing the music of Gustav Mahler, who was a friend, and was said to have retained Mahler's interpretive style. He was one of the few conductors who retained all of Mahler's completed symphonies in his repertory. He also was interested in the new music of his time, including the works of Debussy, Sibelius, Delius, Richard Strauss, and Stravinsky. In 1934, after the Nazis took power in Germany, he emigrated to the Soviet Union where he was appointed conductor of the Tbilisi Opera House in Soviet Georgia. Later, he became chief conductor of the All-Union Radio Orchestra in Moscow. He took Soviet citizenship in 1940 but died the next year.